Concept
Survivorship Bias
2 books in the library reach for this idea - each in its own way. When independent authors converge on one concept, it usually deserves attention.
Fooled by Randomness
How this book uses it: Count failed and vanished participants before inferring skill from the winners who remain available for study.
The Art of Thinking Clearly
How this book uses it: We focus on successes (Harvard grads who thrived) and miss failures (Harvard grads who struggled, or brilliant people who never went). Distorts probability assessment. Today: before copying success strategy, ask "How many tried this and failed?"